pebblisp/src/pebblisp.c

#include "pebblisp.h"
#include "tokens.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#ifndef STANDALONE
#undef printf
#define printf(...) APP_LOG(APP_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, __VA_ARGS__)
#endif

/**
 * Inserts a variable into the environment with a given name and value.
 *
 * If `argForms` (symbol) and `argForms->forward` (value) are lists of the same
 * length, define each symbol element with the corresponding value element.
 * I.e. `(def (a b) (5 20))` would store `a` as `5` and `b` as `20`.
 *
 * @param argForms The symbol(s) and value(s) to define in the environment
 * @param env The environment to add the new definition to
 * @return The symbol(s) defined
 */
Object evalDefArgs(const Object *symbol, const Object *value, struct Environment *env)
{
    const char *name = symbol->string;

    // Handles multi-definitions
    if(bothAre(TYPE_LIST, symbol, value)
        && listLength(symbol) == listLength(value)) {
        FOR_POINTERS_IN_LISTS(symbol, value) {
            Object finalValue = eval(P2, env);
            addToEnv(env, P1->string, finalValue);
            cleanObject(&finalValue);
        }
        return cloneObject(*symbol);
    }

    Object finalValue = eval(value, env);

    addToEnv(env, name, finalValue);
    cleanObject(&finalValue);

    return cloneObject(*symbol);
}

Object evalIfArgs(const Object *argForms, struct Environment *env)
{
    Object condition = eval(argForms, env);
    Object result = condition.number ?
            eval(argForms->forward, env) :
            eval(argForms->forward->forward, env);
    cleanObject(&condition);
    return result;
}

Object evalLambdaArgs(const Object *argForms)
{
    return constructLambda(
            argForms, // Params
            argForms ? argForms->forward : NULL // Body
    );
}

Object evalMapArgs(const Object *argForms, struct Environment *env)
{
    if(!argForms) {
        return errorObject(NULL_MAP_ARGS);
    }
    
    Object lambda = eval(argForms, env);
    const Object *inputList = argForms->forward;
    Object outputList = listObject();

    if(lambda.type != TYPE_LAMBDA) {
        return errorObject(BAD_TYPE);
    }

    FOR_POINTER_IN_LIST(inputList) {
        // Create a new list for each element,
        // since lambda evaluation looks for a list
        Object tempList = startList(cloneObject(*POINTER));

        Object *params = &lambda.lambda->params;
        struct Environment newEnv = envForLambda(params, &tempList, env);

        // Add the lambda evaluation to the list
        Object lambda_output = eval(&lambda.lambda->body, &newEnv);
        Object delisted = cloneObject(*lambda_output.list);
        nf_addToList(&outputList, delisted);
        deleteEnv(&newEnv);
        cleanObject(&tempList);
        cleanObject(&lambda_output);
    }
    cleanObject(&lambda);

    return outputList;
}

Object evalBuiltIns(const Object *first, const Object *rest,
                    struct Environment *env)
{
    if(first->type != TYPE_SYMBOL) {
        return errorObject(NOT_A_SYMBOL);
    }

    if(strcmp(first->string, "def") == 0) {
        return evalDefArgs(rest, rest->forward, env);
    } else if(strcmp(first->string, "defe") == 0) {
        Object symbol = eval(rest, env);
        Object e = evalDefArgs(&symbol, rest->forward, env);
        cleanObject(&symbol);
        return e;
    } else if(strcmp(first->string, "if") == 0) {
        return evalIfArgs(rest, env);
    } else if(strcmp(first->string, "fn") == 0) {
        return evalLambdaArgs(rest);
    } else if(strcmp(first->string, "map") == 0) {
        return evalMapArgs(rest, env);
    }

    return errorObject(BUILT_IN_NOT_FOUND);
}

/**
 * Bulk evaluator of Objects in a given list. Puts the results in a given array
 *
 * Note that `destArr` is a raw array, not an Object list, and that `start` is
 * not itself a list, but the first element *in* a list to be evaluated. This
 * allows more speed and flexibility in what should be evaluated.
 *
 * @param destArr The raw array to put the results into. Not an Object list!
 * @param start The Object element to start with
 * @param env The environment to use while evaluating
 */
void evalForms(Object *destArr, const Object *start, struct Environment *env)
{
    int i = 0;
    while(start) {
        destArr[i] = eval(start, env);
        start = start->forward;
        i++;
    }
}

/**
 * Evaluates a list whose first element is a function, applying that function
 *
 * Tries to either apply the function to its parameters, or create a partial
 * function, if not enough parameters were passed.
 *
 * @param list The list being evaluated
 * @param function First element of the list, already evaluated to be a function
 * @param length Length of `list` - 1, to exclude the already-evaluated element
 * @param env The environment to evaluate in
 */
Object listEvalFunc(
    const Object *list,
    const Object *function,
    const int length,
    struct Environment *env)
{
    Object rest[length];
    evalForms(rest, list->list->forward, env);

    Object func_result = rest[0];
    if(length == 1) {
        func_result = function->func(
                func_result, errorObject(ONLY_ONE_ARGUMENT), env);
        // Return a partial function if more parameters are required
        // Otherwise, return the function result
        cleanObject(&rest[0]);
        return isError(func_result, ONLY_ONE_ARGUMENT) ?
            cloneObject(*list) :
            func_result;
    } else {
        // With two args, will apply function once
        // With more than two args, apply the function repeatedly
        for(int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Object toClean = func_result;
            func_result = function->func(func_result, rest[i], env);
            cleanObject(&toClean);
            cleanObject(&rest[i]);
        }
        return func_result;
    }
}

/**
 * Evaluates a list whose first element is a lambda, applying that lambda
 *
 * Tries to apply the lambda to its parameters. Doesn't attempt partial
 * application.
 *
 * @param lambda First element of the list, already evaluated to be a lambda
 * @param remaining The first element after `lambda`
 * @param env The environment to evaluate in
 */
Object listEvalLambda(
    Object *lambda,
    const Object *remaining,
    struct Environment *env)
{
    struct Environment newEnv = envForLambda(
            &lambda->lambda->params,
            remaining,
            env
    );
    Object ret = eval(&lambda->lambda->body, &newEnv);

    deleteEnv(&newEnv);
    cleanObject(lambda);

    Object *t = tail(&ret);
    if(t) {
        Object o = cloneObject(*t);
        cleanObject(&ret);
        return o;
    }
    return ret;
}

/**
 * Evaluates a given list, including the application of functions and lambdas
 *
 * Engages in several behaviors, depending on list contents:
 * - () => ()
 * - (x y z) => (eval_x eval_y eval_z)
 * - (function x y) => evaluated function(x, y)
 * - (function ...) => evaluated function(...) applied to each arg
 * - (function x) => functionx() partial function
 * - (lambda x) => evaluated lambda(x)
 *
 * @param obj The list to be evaluated
 * @param env The environment to evaluate in
 */
Object evalList(const Object *obj, struct Environment *env)
{
    const int evalLength = listLength(obj);

    if(evalLength == 0) {
        return cloneObject(*obj);
    }

    if(evalLength == 1) {
        if(listLength(obj->list) == 0) {
            return cloneObject(*obj);
        }
        return startList(eval(obj->list, env));
    }

    Object *first_form = obj->list;

    { // Try to eval built-ins
        const Object builtIn =
                evalBuiltIns(first_form, first_form->forward, env);

        if(!isError(builtIn, BUILT_IN_NOT_FOUND) &&
            !isError(builtIn, NOT_A_SYMBOL)) {
            return builtIn;
        }
    }

    // Evaluate the list based on the first element's type
    Object first_eval = eval(first_form, env);
    switch(first_eval.type) {
        case TYPE_FUNC:
            // Passes evalLength - 1, because we skip the first form
            return listEvalFunc(obj, &first_eval, evalLength - 1, env);

        case TYPE_LAMBDA:
            return listEvalLambda(&first_eval, first_form->forward, env);

        default: { // Return list with each element evaluated
            Object list = listObject();
            int i = 0;
            nf_addToList(&list, first_eval);
            FOR_POINTER_IN_LIST(obj) {
                if(i != 0) {
                    nf_addToList(&list, eval(POINTER, env));
                }
                i++;
            }
            return list;
        }
    }
}

Object eval(const Object *obj, struct Environment *env)
{
    switch(obj->type) {
        case TYPE_ERROR:
        case TYPE_FUNC:
            return *obj;

        case TYPE_OTHER:
        case TYPE_NUMBER:
        case TYPE_BOOL:
        case TYPE_STRING:
            return cloneObject(*obj);

        case TYPE_SYMBOL:
            return fetchFromEnvironment(obj->string, env);

        case TYPE_LIST:
            return evalList(obj, env);

        case TYPE_LAMBDA:
            return eval(&obj->lambda->body, env);
    }

    return errorObject(BAD_TYPE);
}

Object catObjects(const Object obj1, const Object obj2, struct Environment *env)
{
    Object evalObj1 = eval(&obj1, env);
    Object evalObj2 = eval(&obj2, env);

    char str1[100] = "";
    char str2[100] = "";
    stringObj(str1, &evalObj1);
    stringObj(str2, &evalObj2);
    cleanObject(&evalObj1);
    cleanObject(&evalObj2);
    int length = strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) + 1;

    Object o = newObject(TYPE_STRING);
    o.string = calloc(sizeof(char), length);
    strcat(o.string, str1);
    strcat(o.string, str2);

    return o;
}

Object listEquality(const Object *list1, const Object *list2)
{
    FOR_POINTERS_IN_LISTS(list1, list2) {
        if(P1->type != P2->type || P1->number != P2->number) {
            return boolObject(0);
        }
    }
    return boolObject(1);
}

Object _basicOp(const Object *obj1, const Object *obj2, const char op,
                struct Environment *env)
{
    const int n1 = obj1->number;
    const int n2 = obj2->number;

    switch(op){
        case '+':
            if(eitherIs(TYPE_STRING, obj1, obj2)) {
                return catObjects(*obj1, *obj2, env);
            }
            return numberObject(n1 + n2);
        case '-':
            return numberObject(n1 - n2);
        case '*':
            return numberObject(n1 * n2);
        case '/':
            return numberObject(n1 / n2);
        case '%':
            return numberObject(n1 % n2);

        case '=':
            if(bothAre(TYPE_STRING, obj1, obj2)) {
                return boolObject(!strcmp(obj1->string, obj2->string));
            }
            if(bothAre(TYPE_LIST, obj1, obj2)) {
                return listEquality(obj1, obj2);
            }
            return boolObject(n1 == n2 && areSameType(obj1, obj2));
        case '>':
            return boolObject(n1 > n2);
        case '<':
            return boolObject(n1 < n2);
    }

    return *obj1;
}

Object basicOp(const Object *obj1, const Object *obj2, const char op,
               struct Environment *env)
{
    if(isError(*obj2, ONLY_ONE_ARGUMENT)) {
        return *obj2;
    }

    int lists = (obj1->type == TYPE_LIST) + (obj2->type == TYPE_LIST);
    if(lists == 0) {
        return _basicOp(obj1, obj2, op, env);

    } else if(lists == 1) { // Single operand is applied to each element in list
        const Object *listObj = (obj1->type == TYPE_LIST)? obj1 : obj2;
        const Object *singleObj = (obj1->type == TYPE_LIST)? obj2 : obj1;

        Object newList = listObject();
        FOR_POINTER_IN_LIST(listObj) {
            Object adding = eval(POINTER, env);
            nf_addToList(&newList, _basicOp(&adding, singleObj, op, env));
        }
        return newList;

    } else { // 2 lists with the op applied to matching indices of both lists
        if(listLength(obj1) == listLength(obj2)) {
            Object newList = listObject();
            FOR_POINTERS_IN_LISTS(obj1, obj2) {
                const Object ev1 = eval(P1, env);
                const Object ev2 = eval(P2, env);
                nf_addToList(&newList, _basicOp(&ev1, &ev2, op, env));
            }
            return newList;
        } else {
            return errorObject(LISTS_NOT_SAME_SIZE);
        }
    }
}

#define BASIC_OP(_name, _char) \
Object _name(Object obj1, Object obj2, struct Environment *env) \
    { return basicOp(&obj1, &obj2, _char, env); }

BASIC_OP(add, '+');
BASIC_OP(sub, '-');
BASIC_OP(mul, '*');
BASIC_OP(dvi, '/');
BASIC_OP(mod, '%');
BASIC_OP(equ, '=');
BASIC_OP(gth, '>');
BASIC_OP(lth, '<');

#undef BASIC_OP

Object filter(Object obj1, Object obj2, struct Environment *env)
{
    Object filteredList = listObject();
    Object *filteringList = &obj2;
    FOR_POINTER_IN_LIST(filteringList) {
        Object conditional = cloneObject(obj1);
        nf_addToList(&conditional, *POINTER); // cloneObject()?
        Object result = eval(&conditional, env);
        cleanObject(&conditional);
        if(result.number == 1) {
            nf_addToList(&filteredList, *POINTER);
        }
    }
    return filteredList;
}

Object append(Object list, Object newElement, struct Environment *env)
{
    Object newList = cloneObject(list);
    nf_addToList(&newList, cloneObject(newElement));
    return newList;
}

Object prepend(Object list, Object newElement, struct Environment *env)
{
    Object newList = listObject();
    nf_addToList(&newList, cloneObject(newElement));
    appendList(&newList, &list);
    return newList;
}

Object at(Object index, Object list, struct Environment *env)
{
    const Object *found = itemAt(&list, index.number);
    if(found) {
        return cloneObject(*found);
    } else {
        return errorObject(INDEX_PAST_END);
    }
}

Object rest(Object list, Object ignore, struct Environment *env)
{
    Object ret = listObject();
    Object *l = &list;
    FOR_POINTER_IN_LIST(l) {
        if(POINTER == l->list) {
            continue;
        }
        nf_addToList(&ret, cloneObject(*POINTER));
    }
    return ret;
}

Object reverse(Object _list, Object ignore, struct Environment *ignore2)
{
    const Object *list = &_list;
    Object rev = listObject();

    Object *tail = NULL;
    FOR_POINTER_IN_LIST(list) {
        Object *oldTail = tail;
        allocObject(&tail, cloneObject(*POINTER));
        if(oldTail) {
            tail->forward = oldTail;
        }
    }

    rev.list = tail;
    return rev;
}

Object isNum(Object test, Object ignore, struct Environment *ignore2)
{
	return test.type == TYPE_NUMBER ?
		boolObject(1) : boolObject(0);
}

Object isString(Object test, Object ignore, struct Environment *ignore2)
{
	return test.type == TYPE_STRING ?
		boolObject(1) : boolObject(0);
}

Object isErr(Object test, Object ignore, struct Environment *ignore2)
{
	return test.type == TYPE_ERROR ?
		boolObject(1) : boolObject(0);
}

Object print(Object p, Object ignore, struct Environment *env)
{
    p = cloneObject(p);
    p = eval(&p, env);
    _printObj(&p, 0);
    return numberObject(0);
}

Object pChar(Object c, Object i1, struct Environment *i2)
{
    if(c.type != TYPE_NUMBER) {
        return errorObject(BAD_NUMBER);
    }
    printf("%c", c.number % 256);
    return numberObject(0);
}

Object printEnvO(Object i1, Object i2, struct Environment *env) {
    while(env->outer) {
        env = env-> outer;
    }

    printEnv(env);
    return numberObject(0);
}

Object parseEvalO(Object text, Object ignore, struct Environment *env)
{
    if(text.type == TYPE_SYMBOL) {
        Object string = eval(&text, env);
        Object parsed = parseEval(string.string, env);
        cleanObject(&string);
        return parsed;
    } else if(text.type != TYPE_STRING) {
        return errorObject(CAN_ONLY_EVAL_STRINGS);
    }
    return parseEval(text.string, env);
}

#ifdef STANDALONE
Object takeInput(Object i1, Object i2, struct Environment *i3)
{
    char input[256] = "";
    fgets(input, 256, stdin);
    return stringFromSlice(input, strlen(input) - 1);
}
#endif

void copySlice(char * dest, struct Slice *src)
{
    if(!dest || !src) {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(dest, src->text, src->length);
    dest[(int)src->length] = '\0';
}

void debugSlice(struct Slice *s)
{
    if(!s) {
        printf("NULL SLICE\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("Debug Slice\n    text:'");
    for(int i = 0; i < s->length; i++) {
        printf("%c", s->text[i]);
        if(s->text[i] == '\0') {
            printf("NULLCHAR\n");
        }
    }
    printf("'\n");
    printf("  length: %d\n", s->length);
}

Result parse(struct Slice *slices)
{
    struct Slice *token = slices;
    if(token && token->text) {
        struct Slice *rest = &slices[1];
        if(token->text[0] == '(') {
            // todo check for null rest
            return readSeq(rest);
        } else { // todo error on missing close paren
            return (Result){parseAtom(token), rest};
        }
    } else {
        return (Result){errorObject(NULL_PARSE), NULL};
    }
}

Result readSeq(struct Slice *tokens)
{
    Object res = listObject();
    for(;;) {
        struct Slice *next = tokens;
        struct Slice *rest = next->text? &next[1] : NULL;
        if(next->text[0] == ')') {
            return (Result){res, rest};
        }
        Result r = parse(tokens);
        if(r.obj.type == TYPE_ERROR) {
            return r;
        }
        nf_addToList(&res, cloneObject(r.obj));
        tokens = r.slices;
        cleanObject(&r.obj);
    }
}

Object parseDecimal(struct Slice *s)
{
    int num = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < s->length; i++) {
        if(!isDigit(s->text[i])) {
            return errorObject(BAD_NUMBER);
        }
        num *= 10;
        num += s->text[i] - '0';
    }
    return numberObject(num);
}

Object parseHex(struct Slice *s)
{
    int num = 0;
    for(int i = 2; i < s->length; i++) {
        const char c = s->text[i];
        if(!isHex(c)) {
            return errorObject(BAD_NUMBER);
        }
        num *= 16;
        if(isDigit(c)) {
            num += c - '0';
        } else /* is hex */ {
            num += c - 'a' + 10;
        }
    }
    return numberObject(num);
}

Object parseBin(struct Slice *s)
{
    int num = 0;
    for(int i = 2; i < s->length; i++) {
        const char c = s->text[i];
        if(c != '0' && c != '1') {
            return errorObject(BAD_NUMBER);
        }
        num *= 2;
        num += c - '0';
    }
    return numberObject(num);
}

Object parseAtom(struct Slice *s)
{
    const char c = s->text[0];
    if(isDigit(c)) {
        if(c != '0' || s->length == 1) {
            return parseDecimal(s);
        } else if(c == '0' && s->text[1] == 'x') {
            return parseHex(s);
        } else if(c == '0' && s->text[1] == 'b') {
            return parseBin(s);
        } else {
            return errorObject(UNSUPPORTED_NUMBER_TYPE);
        }
    } else if (s->length == 1 && (c == 'T' || c == 't')) {
        return boolObject(1);
    } else if (s->length == 1 && (c == 'F' || c == 'f')) {
        return boolObject(0);
    } else if (c == '"' || c == '\'') {
        return objFromSlice(s->text, s->length);
    } else {
        return symFromSlice(s->text, s->length);
    }
}

Object parseEval(const char *input, struct Environment *env)
{
    struct Slice *tokens = nf_tokenize(input);
    if(!tokens) {
        return errorObject(MISMATCHED_PARENS);
    }
    if(!tokens->text) {
        return symFromSlice(" ", 1);
    }

    #ifdef DEBUG
    struct Slice *debug = tokens;
    printd("start slice\n");
    if(debug) {
        while(debug->text) {
            char tok[100];
            copySlice(tok, debug);
            printd("slice: '%s'\n", tok);
            debug++;
        }
    }
    #endif

    int i = 0;
    int parens = 0;
    Object obj = numberObject(0);
    struct Slice *tok = tokens;
    while(tok[i].text != NULL) {
        if(tok[i].text[0] == '(') {
            parens++;
        } else if(tok[i].text[0] == ')') {
            parens--;
        }

        if(parens == 0) {
            cleanObject(&obj);
            Object parsed = parse(tok).obj;
            if(parsed.type == TYPE_ERROR) {
                obj = parsed;
                break;
            }
            if(tok[i].text[0] == ')') {
                tok = &tok[i + 1];
                i = -1;
            }
            obj = eval(&parsed, env);
            cleanObject(&parsed);
        }

        i++;
    }
    free(tokens);
    return obj;
}

#ifdef STANDALONE
int readFile(const char *filename, struct Environment *env) {
    FILE *input = fopen(filename, "r");
    if(!input) {
        return 1;
    }
    Object r = numberObject(0);
    char page[4096] = "";
    const unsigned LINE_MAX = 256;
    char line[LINE_MAX];
    if(fgets(line, LINE_MAX, input)){
        if(line[0] != '#' || line[1] != '!') {
            strncat(page, line, strlen(line) - 1);
        }
    }
    while(fgets(line, LINE_MAX, input)) {
        int i;
        for(i = 0; i < LINE_MAX; i++) {
            if(line[i] != ' ') {
                if(line[i] == ';') {
                    break;
                } else {
                    int j = 0;
                    for(j = i; j < LINE_MAX; j++) {
                        if(line[j] == ';' || line[j] == '\0') {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    strncat(page, line, j);
                    strcat(page, " ");
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    r = parseEval(page, env);
    cleanObject(&r);

    fclose(input);
    return 0;
}

Object loadFile(Object filename, Object _, struct Environment *env) {
    if (isStringy(filename)) {
        readFile(filename.string, env);
        return numberObject(0);
    }
    return numberObject(1);
}

void repl(struct Environment *env)
{
    if (readFile(SCRIPTDIR "/repl.pbl", env) == 1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not read '%s'\n", SCRIPTDIR "/repl.pbl");
        fprintf(stderr, "Consider installing or reinstalling pebblisp.\n");
    }
}

int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
    struct Environment env = defaultEnv();
    readFile(SCRIPTDIR "/lib.pbl", &env);
    if(argc >= 2) {
        if(readFile(argv[1], &env) != 0) {
            Object r = numberObject(0);
            for(int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
                r = parseEval(argv[i], &env);
                printAndClean(&r);
            }
        }
    } else {
        repl(&env);
    }
    deleteEnv(&env);
}
#endif